The Christian church is as diverse as humanity itself. What starts off as a single ‘Church’ can subsequently be seen as ‘The Roman Catholic Church’ and ‘Protestants’, which can further be seen as even more diverse until the point that you can end up with over 33,000 separate Christian groups (according to The World Christian Encyclopaedia, 2000 ed.). It can be viewed like a family tree, with all its many offshoots that still come under one overall family crest. This point is often lamented on, but it should not be, as Christianity, in its most truest of senses (that is, as it is represented in the New Testament), not a religion (that is, a system of human thought in reference to a higher entity), but a relationship. As such, some diversity is welcome, as “Conformatism [sic] is the essence of a dictatorship, not a relationship.” Just as long as one maintains the core of Christianity, they can be called Christian (a loaded statement, I know).
In scripture Paul speaks about this diversity when he calls the global church “The Body of Christ” (1 Corinthians 12:12-14).
“For just as the body is one and has many members, and all the members of the body, though many, are one body, so it is with Christ. For in one Spirit we were all baptized into one body— Jews or Greeks, slaves or free—and all were made to drink of one Spirit.
For the body does not consist of one member but of many.”
So despite the diversity, the Church can be seen as one single entity, one single family.
One thing that I contend every Christian should agree with is that the aim of the Church is to further the gospel message. To understand the nature of successful missions we must understand our differences, even embrace them, but we must all work together.
Thailand: A Case Study
Take a look at Thailand. Freedom of Religion has existed in Thailand for the better part of 200 years, and yet after all this time, Christians make up less than 1% of the population. Strange, considering that Chiang Mai, the second largest city in Thailand, reportedly has at any one time the highest concentration of Christian missionaries in the world. To begin to see why this is though, I think it is necessary to group mission work into two categories. Proselytising, and Community work.
Proselytising is what people usually think of when they think of mission work. Missionaries go through a place, preaching the gospel and (hopefully) winning converts. Some people see this as the primary, if not the only purpose of missionaries, as Christ did indeed command to go out to all the nations preaching the good news (Matthew 28:16-20).
Community work, on the other hand, is what people usually consider the work of NGOs. People who perform community projects to raise the standard of living for a people group. Whether it be teaching them how to farm, teaching them principles for self sufficiency, medical work, feeding the people, etc.
Often people will err towards one side or the other. Proselytisers will caution not to mix proselytising with community work as they don’t want to create ‘Rice Christians’ (that is, people who will ‘convert’ simply for a meal), and community workers will caution not to openly proselytise because they don’t want to be seen as pressuring people to convert in return for their help.
Successful missions however, needs both.
Understanding the lost around us
A few weeks ago I was visiting the house of an ethnic family near the border to Myanmar. The father was out working, and the mother was there with her four children. Their house, made of metal sheets and bits of old wood with rusted nails poking out everywhere, consisted of one bedroom smaller than the cab of a passenger car, and a similar sized kitchen. There was a single stove in the kitchen, no running water or sanitation to be seen, and only later when looking at photos did I notice the buckets sitting outside for them to bathe out in the open. While there, one of the children was hungry and dished himself up some of the only food they had, a bit of rice with some white sugar added for flavour. Popping my head in the bedroom, which had only the comfort of a straw mat on the floor, I noticed a poster of Buddha hanging up on the wall.
This prompted my thinking. How would one reach this woman?
You see, Buddhism was born out of a realisation that life sucks. The Buddha, before he was called as such, was a prince. Over the course of a few nights he snuck out of the palace to see the world beyond his throne. Seeing the great human suffering that was going on beyond his bubble he sat under a tree until he was enlightened. His solution was to rid yourself of all attachment, as attachment brings about pain. But by escaping this attachment one could escape reality. One could cease to exist, one could be free from suffering.
Christ came from a similar perspective. He, as God, saw that life sucked, and came to rectify that. That is the good news of the gospel, the great role reversal. Those who are poor shall become rich, those who are weak shall be made strong, those who mourn shall be comforted. “He will wipe away every tear.” One can be free from suffering, but not through a spiritual death, but through real life.
If we stop there, the answer is clear. Proselytise. Go forth and preach the good news. Comfort the weary with this hope. But we shouldn’t stop there, and, I think you will see, Christ did not stop there.
Lets pretend you are a missionary, and I am a member of that family. There are so many verses that you might consider sharing with me, but lets go with the Baseball favourite: John 3:16.
You say: “For God so loved the world that He gave His one and only Son that whoever believes in Him shall not perish, but shall have everlasting life.”
I think: “What??? Life is hard, life is suffering. Who is this God who loves a world that is full of such pain, and who hates me so much that He won’t let me escape it? Why won’t He let me perish???? Aha, but you’re saying that if I DON’T believe, I WILL perish???”
See where this is going? You have to meet people where they are at.
So, lets try the alternate route. Lets try some community work.
We’ll use the same family from before as a reference point. Various work has been done, they have more food than they need (actually, we were there to deliver a 3 months supply of baby formula to the mother), they have moved to a nice little house, they grow their own food and sell the surplus, the kids have more clothes than they can wear, and they even now have a bank account so that they can save for their children’s future education. Every day they are thrilled that they must have led a good life in their previous incarnation, and karma has finally rewarded them. They live a long life, and they never know God. They do not go to heaven, they are not reincarnated. No, this solution is short sighted, catering not to their eternal life, only to their temporal existence (not to mention they still live in fear of the spirit down the road).
So, what must be done? Both, actually.
Christ the Everyman
When Christ was on this earth, He did not just walk around proclaiming to people the good news. He met with them. He ate with them. He healed them, He helped them, He rescued them. He was filled with compassion for them, He died for them. He didn’t simply care for their eternity, He cared for them then and there, wherever they were. To the blind man He did not say “there will come a time in 30 years after you die that you will be able to see.” He said “open your eyes.” He did not say to the lame “not to worry, you will have new legs in heaven!” He said “stand, pick up your mat, and walk home.”
And of course, He was equally interested in their eternity. He preached to the poor and downtrodden of a great role reversal, a new Earth, a redemption from sin, all culminating in His final words before death upon the cross, “It is finished.”
In order for us to successfully reach a people, we must go to where they are at, not where we want them to be. Eternal life is not a thrilling concept to a person who sees only suffering from it, but to a person who sees the seeds of that life and its blessings, it can be all that one desires.
So, to proselytise without community work, is quite often impotent, but to perform community work without proselytising is short sighted. Both are essential for successful missions.
The Body of Christ
“But, Michael”, you ask, “I am just one man, I cannot meet all of these needs, I can not do everything you ask, that is why I have chosen my focus!” I know. But you are forgetting something, you hand, you have a foot that you can work with! “Just as each of us has one body with many members, and these members do not all have the same function” (Romans 12:4). We, the church, are the body of Christ. A foot cannot punch, but a hand can. A hand cannot speak, but a mouth can. The key is cooperation.
In my short time in missions I have noticed something unfortunate. A lot of missionaries and differing agencies are not willing to work in tandem. Visiting a ministry a while ago, when it became clear to the person running it that I had not showed up to volunteer, but to introduce myself for potential future cooperation (and awareness, as if my ministry crosses over into what they have set up, I would rather build off of their experience), this person’s expression grew bleak. They suddenly lost all interest. When talking my meeting over with a person the following day, they could not understand why I would want to meet them, and not instantly volunteer. They saw it almost as if I was intentionally wasting somebody’s time. I lament this fact. As what we all seek is the progression of the gospel, and for that to happen we must work together.
Contrast that to the Australians I met a few weeks ago. They have a clear focus in mind: The progression of the gospel, and are willing to help anyone so that we can fulfil that goal. They have no qualms with their workers working with other ministries. In fact, if I was to be under their leadership and wanting to focus my efforts on a certain task, they would stop me from going at it alone if there was already someone else working towards that. While there is never any assurance that I would be able to manage a working partnership with the other person, I would at least have to explore that option.
Bernard of Chartres said in the twelfth century: “We are but Dwarfs standing on the shoulders of giants.” Successful missions recognises this fact, and those 33,000 plus separate Christian groups must come together as that one body we call the Church in order to reach the lost of this world.